The 19th Amendment Didn’t Give Women the Right to Vote by Anna North for VOX
This article explains how, after the ratification of the 19th Amendment, states were no longer allowed to keep people from the polls just because they were women, but officials who wanted to stop people from voting had plenty of other tools with which to do so.
American Women Who Were Anti-Suffragettes by Linton Weeks for NPR
Some called the naysayers "anti-suffragettes" or "anti-suffragists." Some called them "remonstrants" or "governmentalists." Some called them just plain "antis." This article dives into who these women were who actively spoke out against a woman's right to vote.
The Myth of Seneca Falls and the Women’s Suffrage Movement, 1848-1898 by Lisa Tretault
The story of how the women's rights movement began at the Seneca Falls convention of 1848 is a cherished American myth. This boook demonstrates that Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and their peers gradually created and popularized this origin story in response to internal movement dynamics as well as the racial politics of memory after the Civil War.
Sisters In Spirit: Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Influence on Early American Feminists by Sally Roesch Wagner and John Fadden
This book traces the influence of the Iroquois model of freedom on women’s early struggle for equality in the United States and the revolutionary changes unleashed by the Iroquois-to-feminist relationship that continue to shape our lives today.
Tactics and Techniques of the National Woman’s Suffrage Party Campaign from the Library of Congress Women of Protest Collection
The tactics used by the NWP to accomplish its goals were versatile and creative. Its leaders drew inspiration from a variety of sources–including the British suffrage campaign, American labor activism, and the temperance, antislavery, and early women’s rights campaigns in the United States. An overview essay is linked to primary sources for educators.
Unlearning History: The Women’s Suffrage Movement from PBS Teachers Lounge
Black, Indigenous, Latinx, and other women and men of color did not see their voting rights ensured until the 1964 Civil Rights and 1965 Voting Rights Acts, more than 40 years after the 19th Amendment. This site is filled with links and suggestions for educators teaching this history.
Urban Citizenship: Campaigns to Restore Immigrant Voting Rights in the U.S. by Ron Hayduk and Kathleen Call for The New Political Science
International migration challenges traditional notions of citizenship as mobile citizens may retain or regain their right to vote in elections. This paper examines the rebirth of noncitizen voting rights in US local elections during the past decades. Who spearheaded these campaigns for immigrant voting rights and why? What are key ingredients to the success or failure of these campaigns? What have been their impacts?
Using Art to Teach History to Young Learners by Lois McFayden Christianesen for Social Education
This aricle makes suggestions to teach about the long voting rights struggle through the folk art of activist Bernice Sims.
Vanguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, and Insisted on Equality for Allby Martha Jones
From the earliest days of the republic to the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act and beyond, this book excavates the lives and work of black women—Maria Stewart, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Fannie Lou Hamer, and more—who were the vanguard of women's rights, calling on America to realize its best ideals.
Without A Whisper: Konnón-Kwe documentary by Katsitsionni Fox
Explore the untold story of how Indigenous women influenced the early suffragists in their fight for freedom and equality. In this documentary, Mohawk Clan Mother Louise Herne and Professor Sally Roesch Wagner join forces to shed light on the hidden history of the influence of Haudenosaunee Women on the women’s rights movement.
The Women’s Suffrage Movementby Sally Roesch Wagner
Comprised of historical texts spanning two centuries, this book is a comprehensive and singular volume with a distinctive focus on incorporating race, class, and gender, and illuminating minority voices in its exploration of women's fight for voting rights.
